HCV RNA qualitative

Detection of HCV RNA to confirm infection. HCV is the virus that causes hepatitis C.

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Test description

Clinical significance:

HCV –HCV virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family and causes hepatitis C. The virus is transmitted through contact with blood and infected tissues, including as maternal-fetal infections and through sexual contacting.

The incubation period of the disease averages 50 days (15–160 days). The HCV virus replicates mainlyin the liver, less frequently in B lymphocytes or mtissue. The disease can be acute or chronic, as a consequence of which cirrhosis or primary liver cancer can develop. Early detection of the infection allows the initiation of therapy, eliminating or slowing down the disease.

Diagnosis of hepatitis C includes, at the first stage, determination of anti-HCV antibodies, whichre detected in the blood 4–10 weeks after infection. In immunodeficient and dialysis patients, the test result may be falsely negative. A qualitative HCV RNA assay is performed to confirm infection. Viral replication testing with quantitative HCV RNA determination allows determination of infection activity.

There are 6 major genotypesd, which vary in sensitivity to antiviral drugs. For this reason, HCV genotyping is performed in HCV diagnosis to assess prognosis, type and duration of therapy. During treatment, the amount of viral genetic material in the blood is evaluated to assess the effectiveness of treatment.