TOXO (Toxoplasmosis) IgM antibodies

Specific IgM antibodies produced by the body in response to contact with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (a protozoan), which causes toxoplasmosis. Infection with this parasite can occur through:

Consumption of raw or undercooked meat contaminated with the parasite (particularly pork, lamb, or game meat) or contaminated fruits and vegetables that have come into contact with parasite oocysts present in soil.

Another route of infection is contact with contaminated cat feces, as cats are the primary hosts of the parasite. Infection may occur, for example, when cleaning a litter box without appropriate protective measures.

The presence of IgG antibodies, with a negative IgM result, indicates a past infection (latent phase), which does not require treatment in individuals with normal immunity.

When to Perform the Test

This test should be performed in cases of suspected primary, recent infection, reactivation of latent infection, or re-exposure to Toxoplasma gondii (e.g., superinfection with another strain), as well as in cases of milder infections that generally do not affect the assessment of the risk of congenital infection (transmission to the fetus).

Medical Conditions

The parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis.

Symptoms

Toxoplasmosis may present with symptoms such as low-grade fever or fever, joint and muscle pain, general malaise and weakness, skin changes (rashes), and lymphadenopathy.