Magnetic resonance imaging of the head

Head Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI head examination)

Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most accurate and non-invasive methods for diagnosing diseases of the nervous system. MRI of the head allows for precise imaging of the brain structures, as well as the vascular and nervous system of the skull.

MRI detects brain disorders and developmental defects, cranial circulation disorders, problems with the functioning of nerves located in the skull, and abnormalities in the structure and functioning of the spinal cord.

Magnetic resonance imaging does not emit harmful radiation, making it completely safe.

Indications for head MRI

Indications for the examination include:

• persistent headaches;
• frequent dizziness;
• tinnitus;
• balance disorders;
• head injury;
• improper responses to nerve stimuli;
• suspected pituitary gland diseases;
• diagnosis of demyelinating diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis);
• diagnosis of ischemic stroke;
• diagnosis of epilepsy;
• suspected brain tumor;

Contraindications to head MRI

Contraindications to head MRI include:

• pacemaker (especially older types);
• insulin pump;
• implanted hearing aid;
• neurostimulators;
• intracranial metal clips;
• dental implants;
• fixed orthodontic appliance;
• pregnancy.

What can head MRI detect?

Magnetic resonance imaging allows the identification of:

• brain tumors;
• neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or Huntington's disease;
• multiple sclerosis;
• ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes;
• brain aneurysms;
• meningitis;
• brain developmental defects;
• cysts and focal lesions.

What does a head MRI look like?

The patient is informed about the procedure and the need to remove all metal objects, such as jewelry or watches. The patient lies on a table that slides into the MRI scanner. The head is placed in a special holder to minimize movement during the examination.

Before the test, the patient is given a signaler to communicate with the medical staff. The signaler is useful in case the patient feels unwell (e.g., due to claustrophobia). During the MRI scan, the patient hears loud noises emitted by the device.

How long does a head MRI take?

The duration of a head MRI is usually about 30 minutes.

Head MRI with or without contrast?

A contrast-enhanced MRI is usually recommended in cases where more detailed images of the brain structures are needed.

Indications for the use of a contrast agent:

• better assessment of cancerous changes, their extent, and impact on surrounding tissues;
• accurate imaging of blood vessels, which is important in diagnosing aneurysms and vascular malformations;
• inflammatory conditions that may affect the brain and meninges;
• allows better visualization of brain areas affected by ischemia.

Head MRI, especially with the use of contrast, may require a creatinine test before the procedure.

How to prepare for a head MRI?

The patient should bring all necessary documents, such as the referral for the examination, an ID card, and any previous imaging test results. It is recommended to arrive at the facility performing the examination at least 15 minutes before the scheduled time.

If the examination is to be done with contrast, the patient should fast for at least 2 hours before the test to ensure better distribution of the contrast agent in the body. For MRI without contrast, there is no need to refrain from meals, but it is recommended to drink still water.

It is best to wear comfortable clothing that does not contain metal elements, such as buttons or zippers. During head and orbital MRI, no makeup or hair spray should be applied to the face. These products may contain metal particles that can interfere with the results of the examination.

Examination results

The results of the head MRI are analyzed by a radiologist, who prepares a report. The waiting time for the results may vary depending on the facility. After the test, ask the technician how long it will take to receive the head MRI results.

30 minutes