TG (Thyroglobulin)

What is Thyroglobulin?

Thyreoglobulin (TG) is a protein produced exclusively by follicular cells of the thyroid gland, both normal and cancerous. The study of its concentration is useful in observing the development of thyroid malignant lesions.

TG test

Thyroglobulin is involved in the synthesis, storage and release of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The production of these hormones and their release into the bloodstream is stimulated by the pituitary hormone thyrotropic hormone (TSH).

In a healthy person, TG does not enter the bloodstream or enters very little. The exceptions are when there is destruction of the thyroid structure (follicular cells) by inflammatory or neoplastic lesions.

Thyroid hormone (TG) does not enter the bloodstream

This protein is therefore a useful tumor marker, especially for differentiated thyroid cancer.

What does the thyroglobulin test determine?

The test determines the concentration of thyroglobulin in the blood and is often used:

• to assess the effectiveness of thyroid cancer treatment;
• detection of recurrence of certain types of thyroid cancer;
• diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism in infants
• in patients who present with symptoms of thyroid inflammation;

Thyroglobulin testing should be performed in conjunction with testing of thyroid hormones ( fT3, fT4) and pituitary hormone (TSH) prior to initiating treatment.

Thyroglobulin testing should be performed in conjunction with testing of thyroid hormones ( fT3, fT4) and pituitary hormone (TSH) prior to initiating treatment

TG test preparation and results

The determination of TG concentration is performed from the blood. The material for the test is usually taken from the elbow vein of the patient. This is done in accordance with the collection procedure - skin decontamination, application of a tourniquet, and pressure at the site of collection.

The test is performed in accordance with the procedure

The TG test requires no special preparation. It is advisable to carry out the test by 11 am on an empty stomach.

The test is performed on an empty stomach

Taking medications containing thyroid hormone may affect the results of the test.

There are no contraindications to taking the test.