Cytology LBC + HPV DNA 4 (genotyp 6, 11, 16, 18)

Test „LBC monolayer cytology” allows the detection of abnormal cervical chambers, even those thatóve gone unnoticed with conventional gynecological examination. Cytological examination is a basic, non-invasive and non-painful examination of the cervix, which∾y allows detection of early precancerous and cancerous changes. That is, at the initial stage of disease development, when symptoms are almost imperceptible by the patient and may not be visible on gynecological examination. Timing is extremely important in cancer diagnosis, which is why it is so important to observe one's own body and take appropriate action in any worrying situation.
It should be remembered that often pre-cancerous conditions, as well as early cancers in the gynecological examination appear in the form of erosions, sometimes in ogóle are invisible, which is why regular cytology is so important. In the case of an abnormal cytology result raising suspicion of precancerous and cancerous changes, the diagnosis should be expanded with further tests, which&oac;re indicated by the attending physician.

An alternative to conventional cytology is monolayer cytology technology (based on SurePath™), whichóra represents a real advance in the quality of this type of examination. Monolayer cytology is an innovative technique thatóra allows for much more reliableótest results than conventional cytology. The purpose of cytological examination of smearsóof the vaginal part of the cervix is to assess whether the exfoliating cellsóare normal or pathological. Non-epithelial cells (e.g. red blood cells, lymphocytes, inflammatory cells, necrotic cells and cytoplasmic debris) are often present in smears alongside epithelial cells originating from the cervical disc and canal and sometimes even from the uterine cavity. It is these cellsórs, referred to as the background of the smearórs, that provide information as to the response of the patient's tissue to the ongoing pathological process.

The HPV test detects, depending on the type, the presence of genetic material – from twoóch to thirty-seven genotypesóof the human papilloma virus, or HPV. Currently, we know of more than 120 varieties of the HPV virus, of which more than 40 are transmitted sexually. Most of them do not cause any symptomsóve, and infection with them passes spontaneously in up to 2 years, however, someóve types of the virus lead to the development of cervical cancer. We can divide viruses into low-oncogenic (low-risk) and high-oncogenic (high-risk). Low-risk viruses are responsible, both in women and men, for the formation of benign papillary lesions of the reproductive organs (known as condylomata). Statistically, chronic HPV infection increases the risk of developing cervical cancer by 500 times. It has been confirmed in tests that HPV DNA is present in 99.7% of casesóof cervical cancer, so this means that HPV affects almost every case of this condition. Infection with high-oncogenic HPV types is also associatedówith the occurrence of other, rarer cancersóof the genitourinary organs, such as anal, vaginal and vulvar cancers, as well as those of the throat or tongue.

The HPV infection is also associated with the occurrence of other, rarer cancersóof the genitourinary organs, such as cancers of the anus, vagina and vulva, as well as the throat or tongue.

The viruses can be divided into two groups:
• low-oncogenic (low-risk) viruses: amongóthem the most common are HPV types 6, 11
• high-oncogenic (high-risk) viruses: amongód them the most common are HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58 and 59
There is no 100% method to cure HPV infection, but taking the test will allow you to take appropriate prophylaxis to prevent the development of cervical cancer.